Alkanes are non-polar: not soluble in water
alcohol is polar: soluble in water
The polarity of alcohols is affected by the -OH (hydroxyl) group, more OH, more polar, while non-polarity of alcohols is influenced by the carbon chain. the longer the carbon chain, the lower the polarity, the lower the solubility
butane : alkane: not soluble
1-2, ethanediol: alcohol: has 2 OH
Butanol has a longer carbon chain than ethanol
So the order of solubility in water (from largest to smallest)
1-2, ethanediol, ethanol, butanol, butane
